At first, you cannot tell. Kidney failure from diabetes happens so slowly that you may not feel sick at all for many years.
You may feel sick to your stomach when your kidneys stop working. You will not feel sick even when your kidneys do only half the job of normal kidneys. You may not feel any signs of kidney failure until your kidneys have almost stopped. However, getting your urine and blood tested every year can tell you if your kidneys are still working.

Once your kidneys fail, you may feel sick to your stomach and feel tired all the time. Your skin may turn yellow. You may feel puffy, and your hands and feet may swell from extra fluid in your body.